 1340 - 1399 (58 years)
-
| Name |
John Of Gaunt |
| Prefix |
Duke |
| Birth |
Mar 1340 |
Abbaye DE St Bav, Gand, Flandre-Oriental, Belgium  |
| Gender |
Male |
| Death |
3 Feb 1399 |
Leicester Castle, Leicestershire, England |
| Burial |
St Paul's Cathed, London, Middlesex, England |
| Person ID |
I3366 |
Cecilie Family |
| Last Modified |
8 Dec 2010 |
| Father |
King Edward III Edward, b. 13 Nov 1312, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England d. 21 Jun 1377, Sheen Palace, Surrey, England (Age 64 years) |
| Mother |
Queen Philippa De Hainault And Holland, b. 1312, Of, Mons, Hainaut, Belgium d. 14 Aug 1369, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England (Age 57 years) |
| Marriage |
24 Jan 1327 |
York, England |
| Family ID |
F1550 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family 4 |
Catherine De Roet, b. 1350, Of, Picardy, Somme, France d. 10 May 1403, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England (Age 53 years) |
| Marriage |
13 Jan 1396 |
Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England |
| Children |
| | 1. Countess Joan De Beaufort, b. 29 Jan 1374-1375, Beaufort Castle, France d. 13 Nov 1440, Howden, Yorkshire, England (Age 65 years) |
| | 2. John Beaufort, b. Abt 1371, Near Pottersgate, Middlesex, England d. 16 Mar 1410, St.Catherine By, London, England (Age 39 years) |
| | 3. Cardinal Henry De Beaufort, b. Abt 1376, Chateau DE Beauf, Meuse-Et-Loire, France d. 11 Apr 1447, Winchester, Hampshire, England (Age 71 years) |
| | 4. Thomas Beaufort, b. Jan 1377, Chateau Beaufort, Meuse-Et-Loire, France d. 31 Dec 1426, Greenwich Manor, East Greenwich, Kent, Eng (Age 49 years) |
|
| Family ID |
F21547 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Last Modified |
8 Dec 2010 |
-
-
| Notes |
- From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (June 24, 1340 - February 3, 1399), the third surviving son of King Edward III of England, gained his name because he was born at Ghent in 1340. He became Duke of Lancaster by his first marriage to his cousin, Blanche (1359), heiress to the Palatinate of Lancaster, a title which gave its holder considerable independence from the crown. John became a fabulously wealthy prince who maintained a household organised along the lines of a royal household, as well as vast estates across England and France and thirty castles.
After the death of his elder brother, Edward, the Black Prince, John of Gaunt became increasingly powerful. He contrived to protect the religious reformer, John Wyclif, with whose aims he sympathised. However, Gaunt's ascendancy to political power coincided with widespread resentment at his influence. At a time when when English forces encountered setbacks in the Hundred Years' War against France and Edward III's rule had started to become domestically unpopular due to high taxation and to the King's affair with Alice Perrers, political opinion closely associated the Duke of Lancaster with the failing government of the 1370s. Furthermore, while the king and the Prince of Wales had the status of popular heroes due to their success on the battlefield, Gaunt had never known any such military success which might have bolstered his reputation.
John of GauntWhen King Edward III died (1377) and John's nephew, the nine-year-old Richard II of England, succeeded to the throne, Gaunt's influence strengthened further, but mistrust remained and some suspected him of wanting to seize the throne for himself. He took pains to ensure that he never became associated with the opposition to Richard's kingship, but as virtual ruler of England during Richard's minority, some unwise decisions on taxation led to the Peasants' Revolt in 1381, during which the rebels destroyed his Savoy Palace.
In 1386, Richard, who had by now assumed more power for himself, dispatched Gaunt to Spain as an ambassador. However, crisis ensued almost immediately and in 1387 Richard's misrule took the country to the brink of civil war. Only John of Gaunt, on his return to England, was able to bring about a compromise between the Lords Appellant and King Richard, ushering in a period of stability and relative harmony. During the 1390s John of Gaunt's reputation of devotion to the well-being of the kingdom became much restored. Gaunt died in 1399.
|
-
| Sources |
- [S1328] Schwennicke, Detlev, ES, (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt Verlag, 1980-), 3:157 (Reliability: 3).
|
|
